Silo Discharge
Silo Discharge of fine Powders by vibrating Hoppers, Part 1

Taking vibrating hoppers during silo discharge bridging can be avoided and the powder flows out with practically no dust emission.

In many industries like chemical, metallurgy, glass and ceramic, building material, food, energy, and agricultural bulk materials are either produced, transported, handled, stored, converted, processed or consumed. One problem in handling of fine powders is the adhesive force between the particles, which creates flow problems, e.g. bridging and channelling. If powder bridges collapse an enormous dust emission will occur. Taking vibrating hoppers during silo discharge bridging can be avoided and the powder flows out with practically no dust emission.
An essential problem in powder mechanics is to measure the stress state at which flow is initiated within a processing apparatus. Consequently a flow criterion should give a statement about the stress which leads to flow connected with irreversible plastic deformation or to yield. This stress limit can not be crossed. It is called as yield locus.

This paper discusses the powder mechanics to measure the stress state at which flow is initiated.

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